Global Seismology

Date: July 19, 2017 Advanced

Developed by: Dr. Derek Schutt, Department of Geosciences, Colorado State University

Prerequisites: Physics II; Calculus III. Along the way, we’ll also delve into complex numbers, differential equations, tensor and matrix algebra, Unix/Linux, shell scripting, and MATLAB.

Description: Quantitative introduction to seismology; basics of seismic data analysis; fundamentals of wave propagation; earthquakes; structure of the Earth.

General Information:

This is an upper division course that introduces the main principles of seismology. The course is structured somewhat traditionally: we'll follow a textbook, have regular homework, lectures, a midterm and final exam. In addition, we'll discuss recent research in the field of seismology as well as recent earthquakes that happen throughout the term.

Our lab will be focused on practical teleseismic research. We’ll first start with a few exercises devoted to learning your way around in a Linux/Unix environment, then download some data, and move into some basic data processing. Your final lab project will be to take real data and analyze it.

Seismology is a fairly young field, and understanding earthquakes and Earth's interior is still a very active area of research. The Stein and Wysession textbook does a nice job covering the basic principles at a level appropriate for our class (and in some cases, beyond). We'll fill in the gaps with modern ideas and results from the literature (in some cases augmenting from other text books). Each lecture will have a PDF associated with it, where the math will be explained in greater detail than the book.

This field requires knowledge of some math to be able to work through the concepts. We'll review math principles, as needed, in order to facilitate understanding the concepts. With these basics under our belt, we'll address the pressing questions pursued today, from understanding how to decipher the Earth's internal structure to earthquake prediction, from internal dynamical processes inferred from seismology to monitoring nuclear testing with seismic data, and so on.

Textbook:

Stein, S. and M. Wysession (2002), An Introduction to Seismology, Earthquakes, and Earth Structure, Blackwell Publishing.

Optional Textbook:

Shearer, P. (2009), Introduction to Seismology, 2nd Edition, Cambridge University Press.

Lectures:

  • Lecture 1: Course introduction, policies, expectations…
  • Lecture 2: Seismology introduction
  • Lecture 3: Math review
  • Lecture 4: Waves on a String
  • Lecture 5: Stress and Strain I
  • Lecture 6: Stress and Strain II
  • Lecture 7: The momentum and seismic wave equation I
  • Lecture 8: The momentum and seismic wave equation II
  • Lecture 9: Seismic Data and Analysis
  • Lecture 10: Spherical Waves
  • Lecture 11: Ray Theory
  • Lecture 12: Reflection and Transmission of Waves
  • Lecture 13: Surface Waves I
  • Lecture 14: Surface Waves II
  • Lecture 15: Normal Modes
  • Lecture 16: Refraction Seismology
  • Lecture 17: Reflection Seismology II
  • Lecture 18: Ray Theory in a Spherical Earth
  • Lecture 19: Structure of the Earth
  • Lecture 20: Body Waves
  • Lecture 21: Anisotropy
  • Lecture 22: Attenuation and Anelasticity
  • Lecture 23: Earthquakes Introduction
  • Lecture 24: Radiation Patterns
  • Lecture 25: Moment Release
  • Lecture 26: Source Theory
  • Lecture 27: Geodesy; co-seismic, post-seismic, and interseismic deformation
  • Lecture 28: Earthquake Statistics
  • Lecture 20: Plate Tectonics and Earthquakes
  • Lecture 30: Spreading Centers
  • Lecture 31: Subduction Zones
  • Lecture 32: Faulting and Deformation in the Earth
  • Lecture 33: Doing Seismology Research (sort of Section 6.6)
  • Lecture 34: Seismometers and Seismograms as Signals. (Section 6.2-6.4, 6.6)
  • Lecture 35: Inverse Theory and Tomography (Section 7.1, 7.3)
  • Lecture 36: Fourier analysis and Linear Systems
  • Lecture 37: Discrete time series and transforms; stacking
  • Lecture 38: Fourier analysis and Linear Systems
  • Lecture 39: Discrete time series and transforms; stacking
  • Acknowledgements. I’d like to thank Ed Garnero at Arizona State University and Heather DeShon at Southern Methodist University. We have collaborated on developing similar classes and are sharing materials. I’ll try to mention in class when I use something derived from Ed or Heather. I’d especially note that Ed’s lecture notes have formed the basis for mine, and he did all of the hard work.

    Keypoints:

  • Understand the basic theory behind elastic wave propagation in the Earth.
  • Gain insight into how seismic observations can constrain the structure, composition, and temperature of the Earth.
  • Practical experience in manipulating seismic data and basic computational skills.
  • We encourage the reuse and dissemination of the material on this site as long as attribution is retained. To this end the material on this site, unless otherwise noted, is offered under Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) license